Shaba National Reserve, often referred to simply as Shaba, is a hidden gem located in the northern region of Kenya. Established in 1974, this 227-square-kilometer (about 88 square miles) reserve is renowned for its stunning landscapes, diverse ecosystems, and rich wildlife. Located in the heart of northern Kenya, Shaba National Reserve is one of the country’s lesser-known safari destinations, often overshadowed by its famous neighbor, Samburu National Reserve. The exotic Shaba National Reserve offers one of the secluded and idyllic safari destination in Isiolo County and perhaps in the whole of Kenya.
Shaba is a peaceful reserve made famous by Joy Adamson, author of the famous book and film, ‘Born Free’. Shaba National Reserve was the setting for the book and film Born Free, for the film Out of Africa and for the reality show Survivor: Africa. It was one of the key sites where conservationist Joy Adamson, famed for her work with lions and cheetahs, conducted her pioneering research.
Shaba, along with Samburu and Buffalo Springs are 3 small, adjoining savannah national reserves that lie on either side of the northern Ewaso Ngiro River. To bolster its appeal, Shaba National Reserve is contiguous with Samburu and Buffalo Springs National Reserves. It is part of the larger ecosystem that includes these reserves, and together they form a considerable conservation area in the region.
Shaba National Reserve is never without a good concentration of wildlife withal its un-wooded landscape makes it easy to spot game. Despite being the largest of the three reserves, there is less wildlife in Shaba, and most tours based in the reserve conduct game drives in Buffalo Springs. Shaba is not a great wildlife destination. Although connected to Samburu, which offers excellent wildlife viewing, animal densities are low in Shaba.
The plentiful wildlife relies on waterholes and marshes scattered throughout the reserve. Shaba is valuable for its diverse fauna of the Somali-Masai biome, and is important as a home for the poorly known Williams's lark. Neither the reserve, nor the lark's habitat are immediately threatened.
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The reserve is named after Mount Shaba, a volcanic mountain that is sacred to the local Samburu community.
Whether you’re a wildlife enthusiast, history buff, or adventure seeker, Shaba National Reserve offers a truly authentic Kenyan safari experience.
Location and Accessibility
Shaba National Reserve is located in the Samburu County of northern Kenya, approximately 345 kilometers (about 214 miles) north of Nairobi, the capital city. It is accessible via the C77 road, leading through Isiolo. One can use a domestic flight or chartered flight through the Wilson Airport (WIL), conveniently located 6 km/4 mi south of Nairobi. There are charter flights from Wilson Airport in Nairobi to nearby airstrips such as Samburu, Buffalo Springs, or Shaba airstrip. Book scheduled flights to and from Samburu National Park through various domestic carriers.
Climate and Geography
The reserve is characterized by its arid climate, with two main rainy seasons: the long rains from March to May and the short rains from October to December. The annual rainfall received in the reserve is between 250 mm (9.8 in) and 500 mm (20 in).
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Shaba National Reserve is liked for its rugged terrain and dramatic landscapes. It is characterized by volcanic rock formations, steep gorges, and the impressive Shaba Hill, which dominate the landscape. The semi-arid environment is dotted with acacia trees, doum palms, and the occasional oasis, composing a striking contrast against the dry plains.
The many breathtaking landscapes make the reserve famous rather than its wildlife. Explore the captivating expanse of open grasslands dotted with springs, deep gorges, waterfalls, swamps, rocky hills, dusty plains, and lava boulders. The Shaba reserve has dramatic scenery including river-side forests, scattered woodlands and dry grasslands dominated by the Shaba Hill volcano.
Key Geographical Features:
- Ewaso Nyiro River: The river is the centerpiece of the reserve, flowing through the landscape and providing a vital water source for wildlife. This vital water source not only supports a diverse range of wildlife but also offers scenic views and opportunities for photography. The Ewaso Ngiro river runs for 34 km (21 mi) along the northern boundary of the reserve. By evening, the sandy banks along River Ewaso provide a splendid set-up to enjoy the awesome sunsets.
- Shaba Hills: The reserve is flanked by the Shaba Hills, which provide stunning views and a unique backdrop. In the south, the enchanting Shaba Hills rise gracefully to 2,145 m, contrasting with the serene scenery. This hill is one of the region’s stunning features, offering a wonderful panoramic view of the reserve’s landscape.
- Open Savannahs: The expansive savannahs dotted with acacia trees offer wide views and opportunities for wildlife sightings.
- Unique Geological Features: The park features interesting geological formations, adding to its scenic appeal.
Wildlife in Shaba National Reserve
Shaba National Reserve is famous for its unique and diverse wildlife, featuring several species that are not commonly found in other parts of Kenya. Like Samburu, Shaba is home to the “Samburu Special Five”. The park is home to some of Kenya’s dry country specials.
Notable Wildlife Species:
- Grevy’s Zebra: One of the most iconic species of the reserve, the Grevy’s zebra is distinguished by its narrow stripes and large size. It’s easily identified by its thinner stripes, white belly, round ears and light-colored nose.
- Reticulated Giraffe: The reticulated giraffe is easily recognizable due to its distinct geometric coat pattern.
- Beisa Oryx: Adapted to arid environments, the Beisa oryx is a striking antelope species known for its long, straight horns.
- Gerenuk: This unique antelope species is recognized for its long neck and ability to stand on its hind legs to reach high branches.
- Elephants: Shaba is home to a significant population of elephants, which can often be spotted near the river.
Other notable wildlife includes lions, leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, buffalo, and various species of antelope. Shaba is well known for its large prides of lions, which doze under thickets of toothbrush trees during the day. Large prides of lion are resident to Shaba, and there are also leopard and cheetah. Black-backed and golden jackals come out at night to seek small prey. Large antelopes like eland and greater and lesser kudu drink from Shaba’s springs, and you may find elephant drinking in the marshes.
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Bird Watching
Bird watching in Shaba National Reserve is a rewarding experience, with over 350 species of birds recorded in the area. Shaba is a perfect year-round destination for birding, particularly for watching the resident dry-country species. The river forest of Shaba attracts many species of bird. The William’s lark is a special bird restricted to only two areas of northern Kenya.
African Fish Eagle: This large bird of prey is often seen soaring above the Ewaso Nyiro River.
Vegetation
Shaba National Reserve features a variety of vegetation types that adapt well to the arid conditions of the region.
- Grasslands: Open grasslands are prevalent in Shaba, offering grazing opportunities for numerous species.
- Riverine Forests: The Ewaso Nyiro River supports lush vegetation along its banks, including palms and fig trees.
Things to Do in Shaba National Reserve
Visitors on a Kenya vacation have a lot to do when they visit Shaba National Reserve, making their safari unforgettable.
- Game Drives: Shaba offers several game drive routes that allow visitors to explore different habitats and witness the diverse wildlife. Regular game drives are offered from any of the lodges, while guided bush walks make for an energetic alternative. This reserve in northern Kenya also offers full-day safari drives, which allow visitors to dive into the adventure.
- Observation Points: The Shaba Hills provide excellent viewpoints for panoramic views of the reserve and its wildlife.
- Cultural Experiences: Visitors have the opportunity to engage with local Samburu communities, learning about their traditional lifestyles and customs. The Samburu locals surround Shaba National Game Reserve, providing visitors with an engaging and vibrant cultural experience through their performances.
- Nature walks: Nature walks offer an opportunity for travelers to discover the flora and fauna in the reserve. With the help of experienced guides, you will also learn about different plants with medicinal properties.
Conservation Efforts
Conservation efforts in Shaba National Reserve are vital to maintaining the park’s biodiversity and ensuring the survival of endangered species. The reserve faces challenges such as poaching, habitat loss, and human-wildlife conflict. Involving local communities in conservation efforts is essential for the reserve’s sustainability.
- Anti-Poaching Units: Active anti-poaching patrols are conducted to protect wildlife from illegal hunting.
- Community Engagement: Tourism Revenue for Conservation: Eco-tourism plays a crucial role in funding conservation initiatives.
Levels of grazing, hunting and firewood collection are rising in the areas around the reserve, and sometimes this activity intrudes into the reserve itself.
Accommodation
Shaba National Reserve is home to Sarova Shaba Game Lodge and Joy’s Camp. The former, pleasantly-situated alongside the Ewaso Nyiro River, flanked by doum palms and sand banks, is a haunt of beauty, and although it’s off the beaten track, boasts of a fulsome swimming pool and amenities like electricity, bar, and gazebos.
Best Time to Visit
These are the best months for wildlife viewing, as animals congregate around the river and waterholes. It is from January to March and July to September when tourist numbers increase due to favourable weather. The best times for birdwatching in Shaba are during the dry seasons, particularly from June to September and January to February.
Some areas may be difficult to access due to heavy rains. However, this is a good time for birdwatching, as migratory birds arrive.
This is the most popular time for tourists, including local and international visitors. December, being part of the festive season, also attracts many holiday travelers.
Park Entry Fees
Here are the approximate park entry fees:
- Foreign Non-Residents: USD $70 per adult per day.
- Foreign Residents: USD $40 per adult per day.
- Kenyan Citizens: KES 1,000 per adult per day.
| Category | Fee (USD) |
|---|---|
| Foreign Non-Residents | 70 |
| Foreign Residents | 40 |
| Kenyan Citizens | Approx. 10 |
Additional Activities: Guided game drives: Fees depend on the lodge or tour operator. Nature walks and birdwatching: Approx. USD $20 to $50 per person.
KENYA - SHABA NATIONAL RESERVE
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