Egypt, a land steeped in history and brimming with cultural treasures, has always captivated travelers. From the iconic Great Pyramids of Giza and the enigmatic Sphinx to the majestic temples and bustling bazaars, Egypt offers a unique and unforgettable experience. This guide will help you navigate the wonders of this ancient land and make the most of your trip.
Since childhood, many have been fascinated learning Egyptian history. The history is unmatched! Literally thousands of years of history right in front of your face. There is more to Egypt than the pyramids and the Sphinx-so many temples to explore, amazing museums to visit. If that is not your thing, you can sail the Nile or shop in a bazaar.
Planning Your Trip
Visa Requirements: For US citizens, a visa is required to enter Egypt. You can obtain a renewable single-entry 30-day tourist visa on arrival at Egyptian airports for a 25 USD fee.
Currency: Have Egyptian currency on hand, as many places don’t take credit cards. It’s also easier to negotiate using cash. Many people also expect tips.
Safety: Most visits are trouble free, however terrorism is sadly a reality of traveling in these times. Always get up to date information at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) travel advisory department before traveling to Egypt and also ensure that your travel insurance covers your trip, especially if you are traveling to the Sinai region, in which case read more details on FCO and insurance here.
Read also: Diving in Egypt
Responsible Travel: Go with an open mind. Be inquisitive. Don’t be afraid to ask local people questions if you have a question about Islam or about what it was like to live during the revolution, ask your guide; they’ll tell you.
Must-See Attractions
1. Giza Pyramids and Sphinx
The most popular attraction in Egypt is the Pyramids and Sphinx of Giza. Interestingly, there are about eighty ancient pyramids. In Giza specifically, there are major three pyramids in the complex: the Great Pyramid (most well known) that was built for the Pharaoh Khufu and then the Pyramids of Khafre and Menkaure. Impressively, this is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one that is still mainly intact! The area surrounding the pyramids is not what you might expect, but just standing at the foot of the overpowering pyramids has a huge WOW factor.
Tip: If someone offers to help you, they are expecting a tip 99% of the time. They will make it appear that they are doing you a favor. However, they will then try to overly charge you for such services. Stay strong, resist, and keep it moving!
2. Memphis
Memphis, about 45 minutes from Cairo, was the capital of Ancient Egypt, founded around 3100 B.C. The main highlight in Memphis today is the Open Air Museum. The biggest attraction is an enormous statue of King Ramses II, which is about 34ft/10m long! Carved out of limestone, it takes up the entire room that it is stored in, even though its feet are missing. Outside, you can find a giant Sphinx, made from alabaster and weighing over 80 tons.
Tip: If this is out of your way, you can skip this.
Read also: Comprehensive review: Holidays Express Hotel
3. Sakkara (Saqqara)
Before the Pyramids of Giza was the Step Pyramid dedicated to King Djoser, dating back to 2700BC. You can find this pyramid in Sakkara (also spelled Saqqara). Initially intended to be a tomb, it was built with 6 steps gradually getting smaller as the steps ascend. While there are hundreds of tombs (making it one of the most extensive Egyptian archaeological sites), the Step Pyramid is significant for being one of the oldest stone structures in the entire world! It is also the first Egyptian structure using limestone! 4700 years later, it is still standing tall!
4. Aswan and Philae Temple
Aswan is Egypt’s southernmost city and the third sunniest place in the world! The main highlight was Philae Temple, which you must reach by motorboat. The Greek term Philae (Pilak in ancient Egypt) actually means “the end,” which refers to the fact that this island is located on the southernmost tip of Egypt. Catching my eye was the beautiful Temple of Isis, the Goddess of health, marriage, and wisdom and “Mother of God.” In the complex, there are also temples for the gods Horus and Osiris.
Tip: It is helpful to have a tour guide or read up on the history of the Philae Temple in order to truly appreciate it as a magnificent feat!
5. Abu Simbel
Abu Simbel is a village further south from Aswan, only 40km north of the Sudanese border. When you get to Abu Simbel, you will find two massive temples for Ramses II and his wife Queen Nefertari. It is believed that they were created with such massive sizes to scare enemies.
Tip: Prioritize visiting Abu Simbel! You will understand why the minute you are close and personal to these over towering temples. Inside, the walls have details of carvings and hieroglyphics that are worth admiring.
Read also: Traditions in Egypt
6. Nile River Felucca Ride
A felucca is a traditional sailboat of Egypt that is used along the Nile River. I enjoyed the views, the river breeze from being on the water, and the entertainment onboard.
Tip: There are many types of felucca rides. Some are more luxurious than others; some have overnight experiences.
7. Nile Cruise
Egypt Tour Was NOT What We Expected (I wish they told us...)
Enjoy the views from the rooftop as you get to see the variety of scenery of Egypt that you do not see typically showcased. The cruise is used as a means of transporting you from city to city. Waking up to the sunrise on the water through your window is such a beautiful sight!
8. Kom Ombo Temple
The eastern half of the temple is dedicated to Horus, the falcon sky and creator god while the western half of the temple is dedicated to Sobek, the crocodile god of fertility. Interestingly, there is a Crocodile Museum next to the temple where you can look at mummies of different sized crocodiles discovered around the temples.
9. Temple of Horus in Edfu
We sailed to Edfa and reached the temple by horse carriages! This temple is dedicated to Horus, the falcon Sky god, as evident through the many falcon statues in the temple complex. This is considered to be the most preserved Egyptian temple, since it did not suffer destruction from Nile floods because it was built above the river valley .
10. Luxor's West and East Banks
The East and West bank are a result of the Nile River splitting Luxor into two parts. In the East Bank, most Egyptians live and work while in the West Bank many ancient Egyptians buried the dead.
West Bank
Valley of Kings and Queens: A royal burial ground for pharaohs who ruled Egypt between 1539 and 1075 BC, there are many famous pharaohs from this time period including Tutankhamun, Ramses II, Tuthmosis III, and Seti I. The valley has about 65 tombs that have been excavated.
Temple of Hatshepsut: Hatshepsut was Egypt’s longest-reigning female ruler (20 years) and had to portray herself as a man. This temple was her most famous architectural achievement and is quite unique when compared to other temples.
Tip: Pace yourself here as there are lots of steps and lots of sun. There is a shuttle that brings you a little closer if you want.
East Bank
Karnak Temple: Dating back over 3,000 years, this temple is unique in many ways with the avenue of Sphinxes - a symbol of the god Amun, which comprises over 100 massive sandstone columns and an obelisk similar to the Washington monument.
Luxor Temple: This temple appears to have been the location of crowning of many pharoahs, versus their burial. This temple was built in 1400 BC, mainly by Amenhotep III and Ramesses II.
11. Egyptian Museum in Cairo
Although there are about 120,000 items on display, there are more Egyptian artifacts outside of Egypt than in the country because of theft. One of the most memorable items is King Tutankhamun’s 11kg gold mask , which is in a room with security. You cannot take pictures!
Tip: It is SUPER crowded - from the lines outside to get in to visit once you are inside. You can easily spend hours in this museum.
12. Khan el-Khalili Bazaar
You can easily get overwhelmed by the number of stalls selling souvenirs, copper, brass ware, leather, perfumes, and antiques.
Tip: Be focused as you will come out spending a lot more than you planned!
Table: Key Attractions and Highlights
| Attraction | Highlight | Tip |
|---|---|---|
| Giza Pyramids and Sphinx | Ancient wonder, iconic structures | Beware of unsolicited help; they expect tips |
| Memphis | Statue of King Ramses II | Can be skipped if short on time |
| Sakkara | Step Pyramid of Djoser | One of the oldest stone structures in the world |
| Philae Temple | Temple of Isis | Read history to appreciate the feat of relocation |
| Abu Simbel | Massive temples of Ramses II and Nefertari | Prioritize visiting; admire carvings |
| Khan el-Khalili Bazaar | Souvenirs, antiques | Be focused to avoid overspending |
Where to Stay
- Cairo: Cairo Marriott Hotel & Omar Khayyam Casino
- Aswan: Movenpick Resort Aswan
- Cruise: MS Queen of Hansa Cruise
What to Eat and Drink
The Arab cuisine is one of the most sophisticated and refined cuisines in the world. The hotels and restaurants mostly serve international food but don’t be afraid to try some of the local specialties - trust us, you will not regret it!
Recommended Dishes:
- Falafel at Gad
- Ful medames
- Kushari
- Mulukhiya
- Kebab and kofta
- Sugarcane juice called asab
- Egyptian coffee
Packing Tips
- Wear clothing that covers shoulder and down to the knee in order to respect local customs.
- The materials should be light and airy.
- It is advisable to wear comfortable, nonslip shoes as pavements are often uneven and the ground sandy.
- Sun protection, including sunglasses, a brimmed hat to shield the sun, and a strong SPF.
Popular articles:
tags: #Egypt
